Biogallery

Fauna

An Iberian painted frog with a sturdy build

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Although it is a medium-sized species, the Iberian painted frog (Discoglossus galganoi) has a sturdy build. Its pointed snout is the most striking feature of this amphibian that can be easily found in some properties managed by The Navigator Company.

With a size ranging from 4.5 to 6.5 cm in length, colouration in shades of brown-yellow or dark grey, smooth skin and some granular warts in the belly area, a wide head and prominent eyes, we present you the Iberian painted frog.

Its preferred habitat is soggy terrains. It takes shelter during the day under the moist substrate or among vegetation, protecting itself from changes in temperatures and from predators, such as water snakes and assorted birds (for example, storks and herons).

As for the sexual maturity of the species, it happens around 3/5 years of age (males) and 4 years of age (females), and they start reproducing in October in ponds, small rivers, irrigation channels, lakes and lagoons.

During breeding, which takes place in the water and with several males, the female can lay between 20 to 50 eggs per mating. Depending on the water temperature, the incubation period lasts between 2 to 9 days and the development of the juveniles is complete after 20 to 60 days.

Did you know that…

Currently, there are six species of the genus Discoglossus in the western Mediterranean basin (Fromhage et al., 2004), but Discoglossus galganoi is the only species of this kind to be found in Portugal.

In adulthood, the Iberian painted frog feeds on insects, spiders, molluscs and even amphibian larvae, including from its own species. Tadpoles, on the other hand, consume vegetable matter and waste.

  • Iberian painted frog

    Discoglossus galganoi

  • Amphibian

  • Genus

    Discoglossus

  • Family

    Alytidae

  • Common names

    Iberian painted frog, discoglossus

  • Conservation Status

    Near Threatened (NT) according to the Red Book of the Vertebrates of Portugal

  • Conservation Status

    Least Concern (LC) according to the IUCN

  • Habitat

    It can be found in the vicinity of small bodies of water with herbaceous vegetation. It prefers soggy terrain, taking shelter under the moist substrate or among the vegetation during the day.

  • Distribution

    In Portugal, it can be seen in the whole territory and in virtually all types of habitats.

  • Size

    4.5 cm to 6.5 cm

  • Longevity

    Up to 9 years

How to tend to this species?

Biodiversity conservation has always been of of Navigator’s priorities, which is why the small amphibians to be found in the multiple riverine habitats, puddles and alder groves of its forests, find the right conditions to thrive there.

In the more than 390 hectares of Zambujo, one of the properties under responsible management by the Company and located in Idanha-a-Nova, the Iberian painted frog is part of the list of 57 registered fauna species. The same happens in the North Coast Natural Park, where it is one of the 7 amphibians identified in this park with about 8761 thousand hectares.

Among the main threats to the Iberian painted frog is the change and destruction of their breeding sites and habitats, which can be permanent or temporary (in the case of lakes and ponds), but extremely susceptible to chemical or physical changes.

To that end, conservation measures are being implemented in the several forests managed by Navigator and where the presence of Discoglossus galganoi has been identified.

A fine example is the preservation of the riverine alder grove, in a well-preserved state, one of the habitats sought for shelter, food and reproduction of the species, located in the Caniceira property in the district of Santarém. Protected by the Natura 2000 Network, this habitat (91E0 – Riparian alder groves) is protected by good management practices and some habitat improvement or maintenance measures are being put in place here following the motto “let nature take its course”, in order to, among other objectives, enable it to evolve into a balanced way and preserve its functionality.

A further example is the  Zambujo reCover initiative, where the ecological renovation of an area equivalent to around 110 football fields will be carried out. In addition to the recovery of poor soils, support for natural regeneration and planting of native species of this property, home to more than a hundred species and where the Iberian painted frog can be found, the interventions that will take place in the field aim at increasing the resilience of more than 110 hectares against the effects of climate change, thereby enhancing the ecosystem services.

The project “Zambujo reCover – Forest re-qualification and soil protection project” aims at implementing an ecological restoration action in an area of 153 hectares, through reforestation with native species to promote soil conservation and the improvement of protected habitats.

This intervention takes place in Zambujo, a forest property located in the municipality of Idanha-a-Nova, in the heart of the International Tagus Natural Park and in the Special Protection Zone of the International Tagus river, Erges and Pônsul, an area classified as Natura 2000 Network.

Promoted by The Navigator Company in partnership with RAIZ – Forest and Paper Research Institute, this initiative has an overall budget of EUR 225,774.79 and is financed by the COMPETE 2020 Program under the measure “Support for climate transition/Resilience of territories to risk: Combating desertification through reforestation and actions that promote the increase of carbon and nutrient fixation in the soil” (REACT-EU/ERDF).

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